Common Ingredient Substitutions
Source of Recipe
Pepe at Mimi's
List of Ingredients
Common Ingredient Substitutions
Out of baking powder? Make your own with our substitutions guide.
Ingredient
Amount
Substitution
Allspice
1 teaspoon
1/2 teaspoon cinnamon, 1/4 teaspoon ginger, and 1/4 teaspoon cloves
Arrowroot starch
1 teaspoon
1 tablespoon flour, OR 1 teaspoon cornstarch
Baking mix
1 cup
1 cup pancake mix OR 1 cup Easy Biscuit Mixture
Baking powder
1 teaspoon
1/4 teaspoon baking soda plus 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar OR 1/4 teaspoon baking soda plus 1/2 cup buttermilk (decrease liquid in recipe by 1/2 cup)
Beer
1 cup
1 cup nonalcoholic beer OR 1 cup chicken broth
Brandy
1/4 cup
1 teaspoon imitation brandy extract plus enough water to make 1/4 cup
Bread crumbs
1 cup
1 cup cracker crumbs OR 1 cup matzo meal OR 1 cup ground oats
Broth: beef or chicken
1 cup
1 bouillon cube plus 1 cup boiling water OR 1 tablespoon soy sauce plus enough water to make 1 cup OR 1 cup vegetable broth
Brown sugar
1 cup, packed
1 cup white sugar plus 1/4 cup molasses and decrease the liquid in recipe by 1/4 cup OR 1 cup white sugar OR 1 1/4 cups confectioners' sugar
Butter (salted)
1 cup
1 cup margarine OR 1 cup shortening plus 1/2 teaspoon salt OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil plus 1/2 teaspoon salt OR 7/8 cup lard plus 1/2 teaspoon salt
Butter (unsalted)
1 cup
1 cup shortening OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil OR 7/8 cup lard
Buttermilk
1 cup
1 cup yogurt OR 1 tablespoon lemon juice or vinegar plus enough milk to make 1 cup
Cheddar cheese
1 cup shredded
1 cup shredded Colby cheddar OR 1 cup shredded Monterey Jack cheese
Chervil
1 tablespoon chopped fresh
1 tablespoon chopped fresh parsley
Chicken base
1 tablespoon
1 cup canned or homemade chicken broth or stock. Reduce liquid in recipe by 1 cup
Chocolate(semisweet)
1 ounce
1 (1-ounce) square of unsweetened chocolate plus 4 teaspoons sugar OR 1 ounce semisweet chocolate chips plus 1 teaspoon shortening
Chocolate (unsweetened)
1 ounce
3 tablespoons unsweetened cocoa plus 1 tablespoon shortening or vegetable oil
Cocoa
1/4 cup
1 (1-ounce) square unsweetened chocolate
Condensed cream of mushroom soup
1 (10.75-ounce) can
1 (10.75-ounce) can condensed cream of celery, cream of chicken, OR golden mushroom soup
Corn syrup
1 cup
1 1/4 cup white sugar plus 1/3 cup water OR 1 cup honey OR 1 cup light treacle syrup
Cottage cheese
1 cup
1 cup farmer's cheese OR 1 cup ricotta cheese
Cracker crumbs
1 cup
1 cup bread crumbs OR 1 cup matzo meal OR 1 cup ground oats
Cream (half and half)
1 cup
7/8 cup milk plus 1 tablespoon butter
Cream (heavy)
1 cup
1 cup evaporated milk OR 3/4 cup milk plus 1/3 cup butter
Cream (light)
1 cup
1 cup evaporated milk OR 3/4 cup milk plus 3 tablespoons butter
Cream (whipped)
1 cup
1 cup frozen whipped topping, thawed
Cream cheese
1 cup
1 cup pureed cottage cheese OR 1 cup plain yogurt, strained overnight in a cheesecloth
Cream of tartar
1 teaspoon
2 teaspoons lemon juice or vinegar
Cr�me fraiche
1 cup
Combine 1 cup of heavy cream and 1 tablespoon of plain yogurt. Let stand for 6 hours at room temperature
Egg
1 whole (3 tablespoons or 1.7 oz)
2 1/2 tablespoons of powdered egg substitute plus 2 1/2 tablespoons water OR 1/4 cup liquid egg substitute OR 1/4 cup silken tofu pureed OR 3 tablespoons mayonnaise OR half a banana mashed with 1/2 teaspoon baking powder OR 1 tablespoon powdered flax seed soaked in 3 tablespoons water
Evaporated milk
1 cup
1 cup light cream
Farmer's cheese
8 ounces
8 ounces dry cottage cheese OR 8 ounces creamed cottage cheese, drained
Fats for baking
1 cup
1 cup applesauce OR 1 cup fruit puree
Flour--Bread
1 cup
1 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 teaspoon wheat gluten (available at health food stores & some supermarkets)
Flour--Cake
1 cup
1 cup all-purpose flour minus 2 tablespoons
Flour--Self-Rising
1 cup
7/8 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 1/2 teaspoons baking powder and 1/2 teaspoon of salt
Garlic
1 clove
1/8 teaspoon garlic powder OR 1/2 teaspoon granulated garlic OR 1/2 teaspoon garlic salt--reduce salt in recipe
Gelatin
1 tablespoon, granulated
2 teaspoons agar agar
Ginger--dry
1 teaspoon
2 teaspoons chopped fresh ginger
Ginger--fresh
1 teaspoon, minced
1/2 teaspoon ground dried ginger
Green onion
1/2 cup , chopped
1/2 cup chopped onion, OR 1/2 cup chopped leek OR 1/2 cup chopped shallots
Hazelnuts
1 cup whole
1 cup macadamia nuts OR 1 cup almonds
Herbs--fresh
1 tablespoon chopped fresh
1 teaspoon (chopped or whole leaf) dried herbs
Herring
8 ounces
8 ounces of sardines
Honey
1 cup
1 1/4 cup white sugar plus 1/3 cup water OR 1 cup corn syrup OR 1 cup light treacle syrup
Hot pepper sauce
1 teaspoon
3/4 teaspoon cayenne pepper plus 1 teaspoon vinegar
Ketchup
1 cup
1 cup tomato sauce plus 1 teaspoon vinegar plus 1 tablespoon sugar
Lard
1 cup
1 cup shortening OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil OR 1 cup butter
Lemon grass
2 fresh stalks
1 tablespoon lemon zest
Lemon juice
1 teaspoon
1/2 teaspoon vinegar OR 1 teaspoon white wine OR 1 teaspoon lime juice
Lemon zest
1 teaspoon
1/2 teaspoon lemon extract OR 2 tablespoons lemon juice
Lime juice
1 teaspoon
1 teaspoon vinegar OR 1 teaspoon white wine OR 1 teaspoon lemon juice
Lime zest
1 teaspoon
1 teaspoon lemon zest
Macadamia nuts
1 cup
1 cup almonds OR 1 cup hazelnuts
Mace
1 teaspoon
1 teaspoon nutmeg
Margarine
1 cup
1 cup shortening plus 1/2 teaspoon salt OR 1 cup butter OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil plus 1/2 teaspoon salt OR 7/8 cup lard plus 1/2 teaspoon salt
Mayonnaise
1 cup
1 cup sour cream OR 1 cup plain yogurt
Milk--whole
1 cup
1 cup soy milk OR 1 cup rice milk OR 1 cup water or juice OR 1/4 cup dry milk powder plus 1 cup water OR 2/3 cup evaporated milk plus 1/3 cup water
Mint--fresh
1/4 cup chopped
1 tablespoon dried mint leaves
Molasses
1 cup
Mix 3/4 cup brown sugar and 1 teaspoon cream of tartar
Mustard--prepared
1 tablespoon
Mix together 1 tablespoon dried mustard, 1 teaspoon water, 1 teaspoon vinegar and 1 teaspoon sugar
Onion
1 cup, chopped
1 cup chopped green onions OR 1 cup chopped shallots OR 1 cup chopped leeks OR 1/4 cup dried minced onion OR 1/4 cup onion powder
Orange juice
1 tablespoon
1 tablespoon other citrus juice
Orange zest
1 tablespoon
1/2 teaspoon orange extract OR 1 teaspoon lemon juice
Parmesan cheese
1/2 cup, grated
1/2 cup grated Asiago cheese OR 1/2 cup grated Romano cheese
Parsley
1 tablespoon chopped fresh
1 tablespoon chopped fresh chervil OR 1 teaspoon dried parsley
Pepperoni
1 ounce
1 ounce salami
Raisin
1 cup
1 cup dried currants OR 1 cup dried cranberries OR 1 cup chopped pitted prunes
Rice--white
1 cup, cooked
1 cup cooked barley OR 1 cup cooked bulgur OR 1 cup cooked brown or wild rice
Ricotta
1 cup
1 cup dry cottage cheese OR 1 cup silken tofu
Rum
1 tablespoon
1/2 teaspoon rum extract, plus enough water to make 1 tablespoon
Saffron
1/4 teaspoon
1/4 teaspoon turmeric
Salami
1 ounce
1 ounce pepperoni
Semisweet chocolate chips
1 cup
1 cup chocolate candies OR 1 cup peanut butter or other flavored chips OR 1 cup chopped nuts OR 1 cup chopped dried fruit
Shallots, chopped
1/2 cup
1/2 cup chopped onion, OR 1/2 cup chopped leek OR 1/2 cup chopped green onion
Shortening
1 cup
1 cup butter OR 1 cup margarine minus 1/2 teaspoon salt from recipe
Sour cream
1 cup
1 cup plain yogurt OR 1 tablespoon lemon juice or vinegar plus enough cream to make 1 cup OR 3/4 cup buttermilk mixed with 1/3 cup butter
Sour milk
1 cup
1 tablespoon vinegar or lemon juice mixed with enough milk to make 1 cup: Let stand 5 minutes to thicken
Soy sauce
1/2 cup
4 tablespoons Worcestershire sauce mixed with 1 tablespoon water
Stock--beef or chicken
1 cup
1 cube beef or chicken bouillon dissolved in 1 cup water
Sweetened condensed milk
1 (14-ounce) can
3/4 cup white sugar mixed with 1/2 cup water and 1 1/8 cups dry powdered milk: Bring to a boil and cook, stirring frequently, until thickened, about 20 minutes
Vegetable oil--for baking
1 cup
1 cup applesauce OR 1 cup fruit puree
Vegetable oil--for frying
1 cup
1 cup lard OR 1 cup vegetable shortening
Vinegar
1 teaspoon
1 teaspoon lemon or lime juice OR 2 teaspoons white wine
White sugar
1 cup
1 cup brown sugar OR 1 1/4 cups confectioners' sugar OR 3/4 cup honey OR 3/4 cup corn syrup
Wine
1 cup
1 cup chicken or beef broth OR 1 cup fruit juice mixed with 2 teaspoons vinegar OR 1 cup water
Yeast-active dry
1 (.25-ounce) package
1 cake compressed yeast OR 2 1/2 teaspoons active dry yeast OR 2 1/2 teaspoonsrapid rise yeast
Yogurt
1 cup
1 cup sour cream OR 1 cup buttermilk OR 1 cup sour milk
Recipe
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